çµ±èšåŠãšã¯
Statistics.
çµéšçã«åŸããããã©ããã®ããããŒã¿ãã, ðå¿çšæ°åŠã®ææ³ãçšããŠæ°å€äžã®æ§è³ªãèŠåæ§ãããã¯äžèŠåæ§ãèŠãã ãåŠå.
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- ðèšè¿°çµ±èšåŠ: Descriptive Statistics
- ðæšå®çµ±èšåŠ: Inferential Statistics
- ðãã€ãºçµ±èšåŠ
ðçµ±èšé
äžçµã®ããŒã¿ã«çµ±èšåŠçãªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãé©çšããŠåŸãããæ°å€.
以äžã®çš®é¡ããã.
- ðèŠçŽçµ±èšé: æšæ¬ã®æ§è³ªãèŠçŽããããã®çµ±èšé.
- ðæ€å®çµ±èšé: çµ±èšåŠçæ€å®ã«å©çšããããã«æšæ¬ããç®åºããçµ±èšé.
- é åºçµ±èšé: æšæ¬ãå€ã®å€§å°ã§äžŠã¹ããšãã®é åº.
æ¯éåãšæšæ¬
Population and Sample
Variables
å€æ°.
- Categorical Values , qualitative variable. å®æ§çå€æ°. ã«ããŽãªãããããå€æ°.
- Numerical Values, å®éçå€æ°. 枬å®å¯èœå€æ°.
- é£ç¶
- é¢æ£
Sample: æšæ¬
æ¯éå£ã®éšåéå. ãã®æ¯éå£ããéšåéåã察å¿ãããèŠåãæšæ¬æœåºãšåŒã¶.
- æ¯éå£ãè¡šçŸããæ°å€ãæ¯æ°ãšãã
- æšæ¬ãè¡šçŸããæ°å€ãçµ±èšéãšãã
- çµ±èšéã§ç¹ã«æ¯æ°ãæšå®ããããã«çšãããããã®ãæšå®éãšãã
å šäœã調ã¹ãããšã census ãšãã (åäœæ°èª¿æ»)
Standard Error: æšæºèª€å·®
æ¯éå£ããããæ°ã®æšæ¬ãéžã¶ãšã, éžã¶çµã¿åããã«äŸã£ãŠçµ±èšéãã©ã®çšåºŠã°ãã€ããã, å šãŠã®çµã¿åããã«ã€ããŠã®æšæºåå·®ã§è¡šãããã®.
N ãåå倧ããå Žå㯠(æšæºåå·®) / sqrt (n) or (æšæºèª€å·®) / sqrt (n)
Confidence interval: ä¿¡é Œåºé
çµ±èšåŠã§æ¯æ°ãã©ã®ãããªæ°å€ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããã確ççã«ç€ºãæ¹æ³.
U ãš V ã, ããæ¯æ°Îž (芳枬ã§ããªã) ãå«ãã 確çååžã«åŸãçµ±èšé ã§ãããšã, ã U ã¯Îž ããå°ãã, V ã¯Îž ãã倧ããããšãã確çã, 0 ãš 1 ã®éã®æ°å€.
- ååžãæ£èŠååžã«åŸãå Žå, 95%ä¿¡é Œåºéã¯, çŽå¹³å± 2 Ãæšæºèª€å·®ãšãªã.
- ååžãæ£èŠååžã«åŸãå Žå, 99%ä¿¡é Œåºéã¯, çŽå¹³å± 3 Ãæšæºèª€å·®ãšãªã.
èšè¿°çµ±èšåŠãšæšå®çµ±èšåŠã®æ¶ãæ©. äžè¬çã«æšæž¬çµ±èšåŠã§ã¯ 95%è¥ãã㯠99%ã®ä¿¡é Œåºéãæšå®
æ°åŒ
95%ä¿¡é Œåºé㯠(* 1.96 (/ Ï (sqrt n))
- confidence interval = mean (x) +- margin of error
- margin of error = Z x Ï / sqrt (n)
ðãã€ãºçµ±èšåŠ
ðãã€ãºã®å®ç
å€æã®æ°åŒ.
Topics
ðReferences
ðçµ±èšåŠãæ匷ã®åŠåã§ãã
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