èšè¿°çµ±èšåŠ/èŠçŽçµ±èšãšã¯
Descriptive Statistics.
å¥åã¯, èŠçŽçµ±èš(Summary Statistics), åºæ¬çµ±èš(Basic Statistics).
ããŒã¿ã®ç¹åŸŽãèšè¿°ããçµ±èšåŠã®ãµããžã£ã³ã«.
æšæ¬ã®ååžã®ç¹åŸŽãå®éçã«èšè¿°ãèŠçŽããçµ±èšéãæ±ã.
åéããããŒã¿ã®å¹³åãåæ£, æšæºåå·®ãªã©ãèšç®ã, ååžãæããã«ããããšã§, ããŒã¿ã®åŸåãæ§è³ªãææ¡ããåé.
Wikipediaã§ã¯èŠçŽçµ±èšéã®ããŒãžãšåãæ±ãããããŠããããã«, ããŒã¿ãèŠçŽããŠèª¬æããããã®çµ±èšéãæ±ã.
ð¥Glossary
ðèŠçŽçµ±èšé
èŠçŽçµ±èšé, èšè¿°çµ±èšé, summary statistics.
æšæ¬ã®æ§è³ªãèŠçŽããããã®ðçµ±èšé.
代衚å€(representative value)ãšããã.
èŠçŽçµ±èšéäžèŠ§
å®æ§çãªæå³ãèšè¿°ããŠãã. 䜿ãã©ãã.
æ¯ç
ðæ¯(ratio)
ãªã«ãããªã«ãã§å²ã£ããã®.
ðå²å(proportion)
ååã®éšåãåæ¯ã«ãå«ãŸããŠããé¡ã®ratio.
ðç(rate)
ç(rate): ããåäœéãããã®å€åé.
ðããŒã»ã³ã(%/percentage)
çŸåç. 0.01.
ðããŒãã«
ååç, 0.001.
ðããŒã·ã¹ãã€ã³ã(bp)
basis point, bp. è€æ°åœ¢ã¯bps. äžåç. 0.0001. %ã®ãããã®âã3ã€ã€ããŠããããã.
ãã¡ã€ãã³ã¹é åã®ðéå©ãªã©ã®å°ããå€åçã§å©çšãããããšãå€ã.
Measures of Chenter: äžå¿ã®æž¬å®
Mode: æé »å€
ããŒã¿çŸ€ã確çååžã§æãé »ç¹ã«åºçŸããå€. äžã€ã«å®ãŸããªãå Žåããã.
å¹³åå€: Mean
芳枬ãããããŒã¿ãã, ç®è¡çã«èšç®ããŠâåŸããã, çµ±èšçãªææšå€
äžè¬ç㪠Average 㯠平åå€ã®ããš.
以äžã®ãããªå Žåã«ã¯, å¹³åå€ããã, äžå€®å€ããã
- ããŒã¿ã«ç°åžžå€ãæ··ãã£ãŠããŠ, å¹³åå€ããã®å€ã«åŒãããããŠããŸã.
- ããŒã¿ã®ååžãé察称ã«ãªã£ãŠãã.
-
æ¯å¹³å
æ¯éå£ã®å šãŠã®èŠçŽ ã«é¢ããçžå å¹³å
-
æšæ¬å¹³å
æ¯éå£ããæœåºããæšæ¬ (æ¯éå£ã®éšåéå) ã®èŠçŽ ã«é¢ããçžå å¹³å
æšæºåå·®
Standard Deviation, SD.
ããŒã¿ã®å¹³åå€ããã®ã°ãã€ãã瀺ãææš.
- links
- refs.
åäœæ°
代衚å€ã®äžã€.
ã¶ãããã, åäœç¹, åäœå€, quantile, ã¯ãªã³ã¿ã€ã«.
äžå€®å€: Median
æéåã®ããŒã¿ãå°ããé ã«äžŠã¹ããšãäžå€®ã«äœçœ®ããå€.
1/2åäœæ°.ã¡ãã£ã¢ã³(median).
å¹³åå€: Meanãšãšãã«ããŒã¿ãèŠãäžã§ã®éèŠææš.
ååäœæ°
æéåããŒã¿ã5åå²ãããšãã®å€.
- 第1ååäœæ°(q1), å°ããã»ããã 1/4 ã®ãšããã®ããŒã¿.
- 第3ååäœæ°(q3), å°ããã»ããã 3/4 ã®ãšããã®ããŒã¿.
ãæèã§ã€ããããããšãå€ã.
第0ååäœæ°ã¯æå°å€, 第2ååäœæ°ã¯äžå€®å€, 第5ååäœæ°ã¯æ倧å€ã§ãã.
5ã€ã®ååäœæ°ããŸãšããããŒã¿ã»ããã§ããðäºæ°èŠçŽããšIQRãåããããã®ããã䜿ããã.
åæ¹äœç¯å²: IQR(interquantile range)
äžäœ 50% ãš äžäœ 50%ã®äžå€®å€ã®å·®.
levels of measurement: 尺床
ããŒã¿ã®å°ºåºŠ. ããããæ§è³ªããã.
-
ããŒã¿ã®çš®é¡ãšå°ºåºŠæ°Žæº
以äžã®åé¡ã¯, ã¹ã¿ã³ã¬ãŒã»ã¹ãã£ãŒãŽã³ãºã«æå±ããããã®.
質çããŒã¿-æ¬æ¥æ°å€åã§ããªãããŒã¿
å矩尺床-åäžæ§ãè¡šçŸ (nominal scale)
枬å®å¯Ÿè±¡ã®éããã«ããŽãªãŒããšã«æ°å€ãžå²ãåœãŠãŸã.
äŸ:ç·æ§ãšå¥³æ§ã®åºå¥ã 1 ãš 2 ã«å²ãåœãŠããããªå Žåã§ã.
é åºå°ºåºŠ-åäžæ§ã»é åºæ§ãè¡šçŸ (ordinal scale)
枬å®å¯Ÿè±¡ã®å·®ã枬å®å€éã®å€§å°é¢ä¿ã§è¡šããŸã.
äŸ:æ°Žã®çŸå³ããã瀺ãã®ã«, äžçªçŸå³ããæ°Žããé ã« 1,2,3,ã»ã»ã»ãšå²ãåœãŠããããªå Žåã§ã.
éçããŒã¿-æ°å€åå¯èœãªããŒã¿
éé尺床-åäžæ§ã»é åºæ§ã»å æ³æ§ãè¡šçŸ (interval scale)
枬å®å¯Ÿè±¡ã®å·®ã枬å®å€éã®çééã®æ°å€ãšããŠè¡šããŸã.
äŸ:枩床, 湿床, 奜æªã®çšåºŠã 1 (éåžžã«å«ã)~5 (éåžžã«å¥œã) ã® 5 段éã«å²ãåœãŠã ãããªå Žåã§ã. è©å®å€ 1 ãš 2 ã®å·® ã¯è©å®å€ 4 ãš 5 ã®å·® ãšçééãšã¿ãªããŠããŸã.
æ¯ç尺床-åäžæ§ã»é åºæ§ã»å æ³æ§ã»çæ¯æ§ãè¡šçŸ (ratio scale)
éé尺床ãšã®éãã¯çµ¶å¯Ÿåç¹ 0 (ãŒã) ãããããšã§ã.
äŸ:身é·, äœé, é«åºŠ, 深床ãªã©ã§ã.
çµ±èšã®è¡šçŸæ¹æ³
ðçžé¢
çžé¢. colleration. 2 çš®é¡ã®ããŒã¿ã®é¢ä¿, é¡äŒŒæ§.
çžé¢ã®çš®é¡
- æ£ã®çžé¢: å³è©äžãã
- è² ã®çžé¢: å³è©äžãã
- å®å šçžé¢: çžé¢ãã€ãã
- ç¡çžé¢: çžé¢ã匱ã
çžé¢ä¿æ°
2 ã€ã®ç¢ºçå€æ°ã®éã®çžé¢ (é¡äŒŒæ§ã®åºŠåã) ã瀺ãçµ±èšåŠçææš.
ç¹åŸŽã¯ä»¥äž.
- -1 ãã 1 ã®éã®å®æ°å€ããšã.
- 1 ã«è¿ããšã㯠2 ã€ã®ç¢ºçå€æ°ã«ã¯æ£ã®çžé¢ããã
- -1 ã«è¿ããã°è² ã®çžé¢ããã
ãã¢ãœã³ã®ç©ççžé¢ä¿æ°
ãã¢ãœã³ã®ç©ççžé¢ä¿æ°ãšã¯ - çµ±èšåŠçšèª Weblio èŸæž
ãã®èšç®æ¹æ³ã¯ç·åœ¢ãªé¢ä¿ã®æãã, å©çšã§ããªã.
scatter plot ã«ãã£ãŠãŸãã¯èŠèŠåããŠé©çšã§ããããèŠæ¥µãã.
質çããŒã¿ (Categorical) ã®çžé¢
å®éçããŒã¿ãšå®æ§çããŒã¿ ã¯ã¢ãããŒããããšãªã.
- æ§å¥
- æºè¶³åºŠ
- å°å âŠ
ãã¢ãœã³ããã, ããªã³ãªãã¯çžé¢ä¿æ°ã®ã»ããããå€ãã§ã??
References
ðRelated
- up: ðçµ±èšåŠ
- refs.