ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®åºç€ç¥èãŸãšã
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®è©±é¡ããããšãã®åºç€çãªçšèªé.
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®æ§æèŠçŽ
ðãããã¯
- ããŒã¿ãšç¶æ ãé£ç¶çã«ãŸãšãŸã£ãã°ã«ãŒã.
- ïŒMBåã®TxïŒTransactionããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ïŒã
- äžå®éã«åããŸãšããããååŒããŒã¿ã«æ¥ä»ãªã©ã®ã¡ã¿æ å ±ãä»äžãããã®.
ðãã§ãŒã³
åãããã¯ã芪ãããã¯ãæå·åããŠåç §ããŠããä»çµã¿. ãã®åç §ãé£ç¶ããããš. é£é, ãã§ãŒã³.
ðãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³(Tx)
ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³(Transaction)ãšã¯, ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ãããäžé£ã®åœä»€ã®ã²ãšã€ã²ãšã€ã®å®è¡åäœ.
- Txãšè¡šçŸããã.
- ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³äžã®ããŒã¿ã®å€æŽ.
- ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ããããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯ðã¢ãããã¯ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³, ã¢ãããã¯æ§ããã€.
- list of procedures.
- å¶åŸ¡ãããã¯(Control Block)ã®ãããªãã®.
- ðããã»ã¹å¶åŸ¡ãããã¯(PCB)
- Cèšèªã§è¡šçŸãããªãã°, ã¢ãã¬ã¹ã«é¢æ°ãã€ã³ã¿ãã¯ãã£ãŠãããããªã€ã¡ãŒãž.
ðTransaction Fee
- ãããã¯ãŒã¯ææ°æ.
- ðã¬ã¹ä»£(Gas), EVM
ðã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ã
ã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã¯, ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ä¿åãããããã°ã©ã . æå®ã®æ¡ä»¶ãæºããããå Žåã«å®è¡ããã. ç¥ããŠã¹ãã³ã³.
éåžž, å¥çŽãååŒã®å®è¡ãèªååããããã«äœ¿çšããã. å¥çŽå±¥è¡ã®èªåå.
ðã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãèšèª
- ðSolidity: EVMç°å¢ã§ã®DSLèšèª. äžçªã¡ãžã£ãŒ.
- ðMove Language: Metaã®éçºããèšèª.
- ðRustã¯Solanaã§æ¡çš.
- ð§CosmWasm: Cosmos
ðããŒããã©ãŒã¯
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ä»æ§ã倿Žããããš.
ð±DApps
dApps(Decentralized Applications). ãããã¹ãšèªã.
- ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãåºç€ã«ããð忣åã®ð±ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³.
- ðweb3ã®ð±ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³. ããªãã¡UI/ããã³ããšã³ããæã€.
ð¢Uniswapããã£ãšãæåããŠããDAppsã®äºäŸ.
ðŠCrypto Protocols
- ðã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãã®éå(ChatGPT).
- A crypto protocol is a set of rules and procedures governing participants behavior in a decentralized network that uses cryptography to secure its operations. (Crypto Protocol | Binance Academy).
- Defillamaã ãšProtocolsãšè¡šçŸããã. ãã£ã¡ã®ã»ããã¡ãžã£ãŒãªã®ã?
dApps vs Protocols ã¯ããã³ããšã³ããšããã¯ãšã³ã
- Protocolã¯æè¡çãªåºç€ãã«ãŒã«ãæäŸãããåå°ã. ããã¯ãšã³ãonly.
- dAppsã¯ãã®åå°ã掻çšããŠãŠãŒã¶ãŒã«ãå®éã®ãµãŒãã¹ããæäŸ
refs
- DAppsã¯UNIX CLIã®ãããªãã®. ðã¯ãŒã«ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿
- ðDefiLlama: DAppsã®TVL確èª.
- https://defillama.com/top-protocols, åãã§ãŒã³ã«ãããäž»èŠdAppsã衚ã§ãŸãšãŸã£ãŠãã.
- https://defillama.com/categories, defillamaã®åé¡ããã«ããŽãªåã. å匷ã«ãæé©ïŒ
âRPC Nodes
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯äžã®åæ£ãããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿, ããã³ãœãããŠã§ã¢. ã¯ã©ãŠãäžã«ããããŒããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšããåãããã.
ã¯ã©ãŠãã§åãããããªpublic RPC node providerãšprivate RPCããã.
EVM RPC nodes
ðRPC Services
Public RPC node providers.
- https://github.com/arddluma/awesome-list-rpc-nodes-providers
- dRPC: 忣åRPC
- 忣åRPCã«ã€ããŠèª¿ã¹ãŠã¿ã
dRPC
#Blockchain - Qiita - rate limitãªããšã¯ïŒ
- 忣åRPCã«ã€ããŠèª¿ã¹ãŠã¿ã
- Quicknode
ð»Alchemy
ãã«ããã§ãŒã³ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠãnode provider.
Private RPC Endpoints
âãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯
ãããã¯ãšããããŒã¿æ§é ãå ±æããããã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã»ãããã¯ãŒã¯. ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ãå©çšãããããã¯ãŒã¯å šè¬.
æèŠçã ã, ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšãããšãã®æè¡ããããã¯ãŒã¯ãããŒã¯ã³å šãŠãæãã®ã«å¯Ÿã, ãã§ãŒã³ãšããç¥ãããŠãã°ãããã®ããã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã«åœãã.
ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãšããã«è¡šçŸãããŠããã®ãããã ã, ããããšããèšèãðã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããæç€ºãããããªãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ã匷ãã®ã§, æå³ãäŒãããšãã¯åããã»ãããããã.
ðãªã³ãã§ãŒã³
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æè¡ã«ãããæŠå¿µ. ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³äžã«èšé²ãããååŒ, ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»æ§.
察矩èªã¯ãªããã§ãŒã³. æèã«ãã, DEXãæã.
ðãªããã§ãŒã³
ååŒããµãŒãã¹æäŸè ã®ç®¡çããå éšã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«èšé²ããã.
ãªã³ãã§ãŒã³ã®å¯ŸçŸ©èª. æèã«ãã, CEXãæã.
ðã¡ã€ã³ããã
Mainnet.
æ¬çªçšãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯.
ðãã¹ãããã
Testnet.
éçºçš, å®éšçšã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯. Playground, Sandboxã®ãããªãã®.
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãªã©ã¯ã«
ãªã³ãã§ãŒã³ãšãªããã§ãŒã³ã®æ©æž¡ã, ããªããž.
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããŒã¯ã³
ãããã, ããŒã¯ã³.
ðããŒã¯ã³ãšã³ãããŒ
ããŒã¯ã³ãäžå¿ã«æ§ç¯ãããçµæžå. ããŒã¯ããã¯ã¹(Tokenomics).
- ðãšã³ãããŒ
- Tokenomics 101: ã€ã³ã»ã³ãã£ãã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ãŒïœEth3Z, ã€ã³ã»ã³ãã£ããšæµåæ§.
ðããŒããã·ã§ã³ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³
ðãããªãã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®å¯ŸçŸ©èª. åå ã«èš±å¯ãå¿ èŠ.
ðã³ã³ãœãŒã·ã¢ã ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³
- è€æ°ã®çµç¹ãå£äœãå ±åã§ç®¡çãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³.
- ç¹å®ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã®ã¡ã³ããŒã ããååŒã®æ€èšŒãªã©ãè¡ãããšãã§ãã.
- Quorum
ðãã©ã€ããŒããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³
Private Blockchains.
- ç¹å®ã®çµç¹ãŸãã¯ã°ã«ãŒãã管çãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã§èš±å¯ãå¿ èŠ.
- ex. )Hyperledger Fabric, Corda
ðãµã€ããã§ãŒã³
芪ã®ã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³ããæŽŸçããŠã§ãããã£ããã§ãŒã³. ç¹å®ã®æ©èœãç®çããã€.
- ã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããã«æ°ããã¢ã€ãã¢ãå®è£ ããŠã¿ã.
ð§two-way peg
ã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³ãšãµããã§ãŒã³ã®é£æºæè¡. ã¢ã»ããã®åæ¹åã®äº€æãã§ãã.
- BlockchainãšSidechainéã®two way pegã«ã€ã㊠- Develop with pleasure!
- https://blockstream.com/sidechains.pdf
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããŒã«ã¢ãã(Rollups)
ããŒã«ã¢ããã®åºæ¬çãªèãæ¹ã¯, ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®ããŒã¿ãã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³ïŒEthereumã®ã¡ã€ã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã®ãããªïŒã«ä¿åãã€ã€ãå®éã®èšç®ãå®è¡ã¯ãªããã§ãŒã³ïŒã¡ã€ã³ãããã¯ãŒã¯å€ïŒã§è¡ããšãããã®.
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¹ã±ãŒã©ããªãã£ã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³. 2ã€ã®ã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ãæå.
ðOptimistic Rollups
ãªããã£ãã¹ãã£ãã¯ããŒã«ã¢ãã, Optimistic Rollups.
ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¯ãŸããªããã§ãŒã³ã§å³æã«å®è¡ãããçµæãã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³ã«åŸããæåºãããŸãã
æåºãããçµæã¯ãæ£ããããšä»®å®ïŒãªããã£ãã¹ãã£ãã¯ã«ïŒããã誰ãããã®çµæã«ç°è°ãå±ãããŸã§ãã®ãŸãŸåãå ¥ããããŸããç°è°ãå±ããããå Žåãæ£ããçµæã確èªããããã®ãã£ã¬ã³ãžæéãèšããããŸãã
ðzk-Rollups
zkããŒã«ã¢ããzk-Rollups.
zkã¯ãZero-Knowledge ProofïŒãŒãç¥è蚌æïŒãã®ç¥ã§ããã®ææ³ã§ã¯ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããªããã§ãŒã³ã§åŠçãããåŸããŒãç¥è蚌æãçšããŠãã®æ£åœæ§ã蚌æãããŸãããã®èšŒæã¯éåžžã«ã³ã³ãã¯ãã§ãã¡ã€ã³ãã§ãŒã³äžã§è¿ éã«æ€èšŒããããšãã§ããŸãã
References
âã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ååŒãåŠçããããã®æ¹åŒ. ã¿ããªã§ç£èŠããä»çµã¿.
ðã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã
æ¹åŒäžèЧ
ðProof of Work(PoW)
ãã«ãŒãã»ãªãã»ã¯ãŒã¯(Proof of Work, PoW).
ããå€ãã®èšç®åŠçããã人ã«ã³ã€ã³ãä»äžããä»çµã¿.
ðãã€ããŒ
Miner.
ðPoWã«èšç®èœåãæäŸããŠå ±é ¬ãåãåããããã¯ãŒã¯åå è .
ðãã€ãã³ã°
Miningã«ã¯ä»®æ³é貚ã§ãªããããŠãéã皌ããšãã®æ¥å°Ÿèªçã«ã€ããããŠãã.
- ãããã³ã€ã³ãã€ãã³ã°
- äžåœããããŸãã£ãŠãããã€.
- ðæµåæ§ãã€ãã³ã°
- ðPoW
âProof of Stake(PoS)
ãã«ãŒãã»ãªãã»ã¹ããŒã¯(Proof of Stake, PoS).
ðPoWã®æ¶è²»é»åãäžããããšãç®çãšããŠèæ¡ãããæ¹æ³.
ðŽã¹ããŒãã³ã°æŠç¥(Staking)ã¯ã€ã³ã»ã³ãã£ãèšèš(皌ã).
âããªããŒã¿(Validators)
ããªããŒã¿, Validators.
ðPoSã«ãããŠ, ðãã€ããŒã®ããã«æ°ãããããã¯ãçæããããã¯ãŒã¯ãä¿è·ããåå è .
- ããªããŒã¿ãŒãããããªããŒã¿ã®è¡šèšãå€ã.
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã€ã·ã¥ãŒ
ãããã¯ãã£ãŒã³ã®æ¡å€§ã«ãããŠè§£æ±ºããã¹ã課é¡.
ðL2ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³(Layer2)ã§å ·äœçãªãã§ãŒã³ãä¹±ç«ããŠãã.
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¹ã±ãŒã©ããªãã£
æ¡åŒµæ§, ã¹ã±ãŒã©ããªãã£åé¡ãšããããããã€.
ðã¹ããŒã
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãã¡ã€ããªãã£
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã»ãã¥ãªãã£
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããªã¬ã³ã
æ§èœã»å®å šæ§ã»åæš©æ§.
- ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¹ã±ãŒã©ããªãã£
- ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã»ãã¥ãªãã£
- ð忣æ§
- ðšVitalik Buterinãåºãã.
- ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ããªã¬ã³ãã衚çŸããæ°åŒãçºèŠâæ§èœã»å®å šæ§ã»åæš©æ§ã®ãã¡2ã€ã ããæç«ããããšãç«èšŒâ | 京éœå€§åŠ, é ããäººãæ°åŒåããããã. 24/07
ðãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¬ã€ã€ãŒæ§é
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ã¬ã€ã€ãŒæ§é (blockchain layerd structure).
ðOSIåç §ã¢ãã«ã®7ã¬ã€ã€ã«äŒŒãŠãããISOã§æšæºåãããŠããããã§ã¯ãªã.
layer0
ãããã¯ãŒã¯
ðãããªãã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³(Layer1)
ãããªãã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³. Layer1, L1ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³, L1ãã§ãŒã³ãšã.
誰ã§ãåå å¯èœã§ãååŒãæ€èšŒãããæ°ãããããã¯ã远å ãããããããã®ãã«ããŒããéå¶ããããšãã§ããŸãã
- Application Layer: ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ããã¬ã€ã€ãŒ
- Network/Consensus Layer:ã©ã®ãããªååŒãæå¹ã§ãããã©ã®ãããªé åºã§äžŠã¹ãã¹ããã«ã€ããŠã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ãåŸãã¬ã€ã€ãŒ
- Protocol Layer: èªèšŒãã€å®è¡ããããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³èšé²ãä¿åãããã¬ã€ã€ãŒ
ðL2ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³(Layer2)
Layer1ã®èª²é¡ã解決ããããã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæäŸããã¬ã€ã€.